Category Archives: missions

The Journey’s End (Acts 28)

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Scripture reading – Acts 28

Today’s Scripture reading brings us to the conclusion of our study of The Acts of the Apostles. Our study in this book has taken us from the historic proofs of Christ’s bodily resurrection from the dead, and His public appearances (Acts 1:1-3), to the commissioning His apostles (1:4-8), before His ascension to heaven (1:9). With the angelic promise that Jesus would return (1:10-11), the disciples had returned to an “upper room” (1:12-13) and waited for the fulfillment of the promised coming of the Holy Spirit. With the anointing of the Holy Spirit on the Day of Pentecost (Acts 2:1), fifty days after the Passover and the death of Christ on the Cross, the evangelistic thrust of the 1^st century church began.

There have been many other events recorded in the Book of Acts that were essential to the historical narrative of the early church, including the death of Stephen, the first of many martyrs (7:55-8:1). The salvation of Saul, the persecutor of the early church (Acts 8:1; 9:1-9) was a great milestone, who became Paul, the apostle to the Gentiles (Acts 9:10-16). We have followed Paul and his three missionary journeys, and the spread of the Gospel throughout Asia, Greece, and Europe (reaching as far west as Spain).

Assailed by the religious leaders of the Jews who would have killed him (Acts 21-26), Paul appealed to Caesar for judgment, and arrangements were made for him to be taken to Rome. As a prisoner on a ship sailing for Rome, Paul turned the occasion of a great storm and shipwreck into an opportunity to share God’s revelation that all lives on the ship would be saved, for he “must be brought before Caesar” (27:23-25).

The ship ran aground on the island “called Melita” (modern-day Malta, Acts 28:1). As Paul and the others warmed themselves around a fire, God miraculously spared the apostle’s life when a poisonous viper took hold of his hand (28:3). Those who witnessed the viper’s attack wondered if Paul was being punished for some wicked deed, but then they marveled he did not perish (28:4-6). God spared Paul’s life as a testimony that the power of God rested upon him (28:6).

Acts 28 concluded with Paul’s safe travel and arrival in Rome (28:11-31), where he had secured private lodging with Roman guards permitting him to receive fellow believers (28:11-16). In an incredible testimony of God’s providence, and Paul’s passion for preaching the Gospel, the apostle’s “house” imprisonment in Rome opened the door for him to not share his own conversion and calling with Jewish leaders (28:17-22). He boldly declared to all who would listen that Jesus is the Christ, the long-awaited, suffering Messiah foretold by the prophet Isaiah (28:23-31; Isaiah 53).

Closing thoughts (28:30-31) – Our study in the Book of Acts concludes with Paul being a prisoner of Rome, but dwelling two full years in his own rented house (28:30). Though confined, Paul used the opportunity to be a witness to all his guests, as well as to the guards assigned to him. We read, Paul continued “Preaching the kingdom of God, and teaching those things which concern the Lord Jesus Christ, with all confidence, no man forbidding him” (28:31).

Tomorrow, our chronological reading of the Scriptures will bring us to Paul’s Epistle to the Colossians, a letter he wrote while a prisoner in Rome.

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Paul’s Indomitable Spirit (Acts 20)

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Scripture reading – Acts 20

In recent weeks, we studied Paul’s epistles to believers in two major cities of the 1^st century: Corinth, to whom the apostle penned two letters (1 Corinthians and 2 Corinthians), and Rome. Today, our chronological Scripture reading returns to the Acts of the Apostles, as we again examine Luke’s record of the apostle Paul’s missionary journeys.

The Setting and Background of Acts 20

Acts 20 continued the narrative of Paul’s third missionary journey (which began in Acts 18:23-28). Paul’s arrival and ministry in Ephesus was readily received by some who had been disciples of John the Baptist (19:1-3). When those men heard John had been the forerunner of Jesus Christ whom Paul preached (19:4), they believed and “were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus” (19:5).

Then, as was his custom, Paul “went into the synagogue, and spake boldly for the space of three months, disputing and persuading the things concerning the kingdom of God” (19:8). Yet, though many believed, some “were hardened, and believed not,” and stirred up the people against Paul (19:9), and he withdrew from them. Paul spent the next two years preaching in that region, “so that all they which dwelt in Asia heard the word of the Lord Jesus, both Jews and Greeks” (19:10).

By “special miracles,” God authenticated Paul’s ministry and message in Ephesus (note, the miracles described in verses 11-12 were for a special time, and confirmed Paul’s ministry as an apostle; 2 Corinthians 12:12; Hebrews 2:3-4; Acts 2:22). Nevertheless, the apostles’ ministry was not without its enemies, who attempted to “ride the coattails” of Paul’s preaching, and identify with him, though they were not sincere believers (19:13-16).

While there was opposition, nevertheless after hearing Paul’s teaching, many were stirred (19:17-18) and turned from idols, rejecting their pagan ideas along with their books of spells, and “burned them before all men” (19:19). In fact, the estimated value of that which was destroyed was “50,000 pieces of silver” (supposing a silver coin was equivalent to one day’s wages, this was an enormous sum, 19:19). What was the effect as believers set aside their old paths and ways of sin? Luke wrote, “So mightily grew the word of God and prevailed” (19:20).

Then, “Paul purposed in the spirit” to depart and journey through “Macedonia and Achaia, to go to Jerusalem,” and eventually to Rome (19:21). Before he was able to depart Ephesus, he found himself in the midst of a riot stirred by wicked men who had seen their livelihoods as silversmiths threatened and diminished (19:23-28). Paul’s bold condemnation of idolatry (19:26), and the powerful effect of his preaching not only threatened the commerce and trade in the worship of the Greek goddess Diana (19:27), but set the whole city in an uproar (19:28-41). Two of Paul’s fellow ministers were caught and taken into an outdoor theatre, and Paul would have rushed to save them, but was hindered by other believers (19:29-32). Stirred into a frenzy, for two hours the people of Ephesus cried out, “Great is Diana of the Ephesians” (19:33-34).

Finally, “the town clerk” (similar to the mayor of a city) appealed to the people, and reasoned with them, saying, “ye ought to be quiet, and to do nothing rashly” (19:36). He called upon those silversmiths who stirred up the people, to bring their case to the law, where their cause would “be determined in a lawful assembly” (19:39). When the riot was passed, Paul took leave of the believers at Ephesus.

Acts 20

Paul realized his presence in Ephesus was endangering the lives of believers; therefore, he departed from Ephesus, and made his journey through Macedonia (known today as the Balkans). Retracing his earlier journeys, Paul traveled south to Greece (20:1-2), where he encountered Jews who plotted against him (20:3). Thereafter, God wonderfully and providentially blessed Paul with a mission’s team that accompanied him through Asia (20:4). Among his traveling companions was Timothy, his beloved “son in the faith” (1 Timothy 1:2), who would one day become the pastor of the church in Ephesus (1 Timothy 1:3).

When Paul realized he would not pass-through Macedonia again, he came to Miletus (a seaport city about 30 miles from Ephesus) (20:16), and sent for the elders of the church in Ephesus (20:17).

Paul’s Final Challenge to the Church Leaders of Ephesus (20:17-38)

The balance of Acts 20 recorded Paul’s final challenge to the pastoral leadership of the church in Ephesus (20:17-38). This Scripture passage is exceptionally moving as we see the apostle’s passion for preaching and ministry (20:17-27), his love for those to whom he ministered (20:28-32), and his example of self-sacrificing service (20:33-35).

Paul’s Testimony (20:18-21)

Paul boldly declared to the Ephesian elders his devotion to those to whom he had ministered, saying, “I have been with you at all seasons” (20:18). He had been with them in times of rejoicing, and persecution. He had served the Lord among them in humility, in tears, trials, and when threatened by persecution (20:19).

Paul declared, “I kept back nothing that was profitable unto you” (20:20). He had not pandered to their carnality, nor shirked in his duty to boldly declare the holiness, sovereignty, love, and judgment of God (20:20). He had not played politics with the Gospel, but had preached Christ “both to the Jews, and also to the Greeks,” and called upon them to repent of their sins, and come to the “Lord Jesus Christ” by faith (20:21).

Paul’s Last Testament to the Ephesian Elders (20:22-27)

Reflecting the soberness of a man who understands his days of freedom and ministry are ending, Paul confessed it was the Spirit of God that was driving him to Jerusalem (20:22). He did not know all that would befall him, but the Holy Spirit had revealed he would be bound and suffer persecution (20:23). Nevertheless, he was willing to suffer, for he had dedicated his life to Christ and was determined to finish his course and ministry with joy (20:24).

Announcing he would never again preach or fellowship with them (20:25), Paul stated to the elders what should be the motive and goal of every preacher and believer: “²⁶Wherefore I take you to record this day, that I am pure from the blood of all men. ²⁷For I have not shunned to declare unto you all the counsel of God” (20:26-27).

Closing thoughts (20:26-38) – I wonder, how many believers will go to their graves and confess, “I have done my best, and my hands are unsoiled with the blood of any other soul.” What a powerful, driving passion. Paul had not retreated from declaring “the [whole] counsel of God” (20:27).

Unlike many preachers of our day, his life was a testimony of selfless sacrifice (20:33-34), and he exhorted them to “support the weak, and to remember the words of the Lord Jesus, how he said, It is more blessed to give than to receive” (20:35).

What about you? What will be your spiritual legacy?

“He that glorieth, let him glory in the Lord.” (2 Corinthians 10-11)

Scripture reading – 2 Corinthians 10; 2 Corinthians 11

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It might be argued that Paul began a defense of his authority as an apostle in chapter 10, and continued the same through to 2 Corinthians13. We might find it strange the great preacher of the New Testament church era found it necessary to answer his critics, but such was the case for Paul (a contradiction to some who argue a pastor should never answer or rebuke his critics.) The powerful tone of Paul’s first epistle to Corinth was an issue, and Paul minced no words in asserting a forthright answer to his critics. You might find it distressing, even disturbing that Paul found it necessary to defend his calling and manner of ministry. Nevertheless, let this be a warning to all: False teachers and phony believers are in the congregation, and such demands a perpetual vigilance of both shepherd and sheep!

2 Corinthians 10 – Paul’s Response to Critics

Some in Corinth had derided Paul, saying he was weak in person, but bold in his letters (10:1-2). The apostle answered, his desire was to minister to them with “the meekness and gentleness of Christ;” yet, some mistook his humble manner as lacking courage. Those critics suggested his first letter to Corinth was “after the flesh,” and Paul declared: “For though we walk in the flesh, we do not war after the flesh” (10:3).

Spiritual Warfare (10:4-6)

While the enemies of Paul’s ministry appeared as men and women within and without the congregation, the apostle reminded believers the real battle was not physical, but spiritual. In his epistle to Ephesus, Paul wrote, “For we wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places” (Ephesians 6:12).

If the adversaries of believers are not “flesh and blood,” but spiritual enemies and “wickedness in high place,” how can we go to war and hope for victory? Paul reminded the Corinthians: “(For the weapons of our warfare are not carnal [of the flesh], but mighty through God to the pulling down of strong holds;) ⁵Casting down imaginations, and every high thing that exalteth itself against the knowledge of God, and bringing into captivity every thought to the obedience of Christ” (10:4-5).

We cannot wage spiritual warfare apart from God’s power (10:4). Only in the strength of His Spirit are we able to assail and pull down spiritual strongholds (sinful lusts, passions, thoughts, and evil intents, 10:4b). What is the method of spiritual warfare? (10:4-5) We must confront, and cast down: 1) “Imaginations” (wicked and evil thoughts); 2) Cast down false doctrines (“every high thing that exalteth itself against the knowledge of God”); 3) Discipline every thought (“bringing into captivity every thought to the obedience of Christ”).

Lest any doubted Paul’s courage and intent, he doubled down, and declared: “And having in a readiness to revenge all disobedience, when your obedience is fulfilled” (10:6). He was ready to confront false teachers and their doctrine; however, he was giving the congregation an opportunity to choose where and with whom they would stand. Would they choose the Truth?

Paul Answered His Critics (10:7-16)

Some enemies cast dispersion on his small stature, and criticized his preaching for being less than compelling (10:10). (In Acts 20:9, a man named Eutychus fell asleep when “Paul was long preaching…and was taken up dead.”)

He assured his adversaries he was capable and willing to address them as bold in person as he had in his letter (10:11). Nevertheless, he had no interest in comparing himself with others (10:12), and refused to boast or magnify his accomplishments beyond that with which God had blessed him (10:13). While false teachers faked their credentials, and took credit for the accomplishments of others (10:14-15), Paul’s passion was to preach the Gospel where no man had gone (10:16-17). Paul’s overriding desire was to glory, not in himself, but that his life and ministry would be to the glory of God (10:17-18).

Closing thoughts (10:17-18) – There is no calling or office higher than that of serving Jesus Christ. Believer, don’t give in to the temptation of falsifying your resume, faking your accomplishments, and pursuing men’s applause.

Serve the LORD faithfully, and with a passion that one day you may be commended before Him. (10:18).

The Blessed Grace of Giving (2 Corinthians 8; 2 Corinthians 9)

Scripture reading – 2 Corinthians 8; 2 Corinthians 9

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Today’s Scripture reading is well known to believers as a passage where Paul taught and encouraged what I like to refer to as “Grace Giving.” Grace, essentially the favor of God, is not only the basis, but also the motivation for all we do in serving the Lord, and as we will see in today’s devotional…giving.

Remember, Paul’s first letter to Corinth presented the afflictions and sufferings of the brethren in Judea, and in particular, Jerusalem. Hearing of the physical want of those believers, Paul urged the churches throughout Macedonia to give, and share in the relief of their fellow believers. The believers in Corinth set an example of compassion and willingness to give, and pledged themselves to be gracious. Unfortunately, a year later, the apostle was concerned they had failed to fulfill what was promised (though he had boasted of them to other congregations).

2 Corinthians 8

Among the many truths we glean from Paul’s letter are four spiritual truths in regard to “Grace Giving.” The first, “Grace Giving” evidences the grace of God when a believer gives liberally out of God’s blessings (8:1). An unregenerate heart is naturally selfish, and not inclined to give. In fact, sinners tend to evidence two extremes: Some are hoarders, and give little to nothing, while others are narcissists, and waste their material blessings and possessions on self-centered pursuits and pleasures. A second characteristic of “Grace Giving” is joy (8:2). The believers of Macedonia, though suffering afflictions, and poverty, were described as expressing “the abundance of joy,” and abounding “unto the riches of their liberality” (8:2).

Another trait of “Grace Giving” is personal consecration. We read, the Macedonian believers “first gave their own selves to the Lord” (8:5). Having dedicated their all to the Lord, they kept back nothing. Lastly, the sincerity of a believer’s love for others is demonstrated in a willingness to deny oneself for the welfare of others (8:9). In other words, the Macedonian believers proved the sincerity of their love for Christ in their sacrificial giving (8:8). Paul summed up that principle in these words: “²⁴Wherefore shew ye to them, and before the churches, the proof of your love, and of our boasting on your behalf” (8:24).

Closing thoughts (9:1-15) – I invite you to read 2 Corinthians 9 and search out seven additional qualities of “Grace Giving” that are found in that chapter. I close with a quote of Amy Carmichael, who served as a missionary to India for 55 years without a furlough:

“You can give without loving, but you cannot love without giving.”

Sharing the Heart of A Shepherd with the World Through Translations

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Dear Heart of A Shepherd readers,

I recently announced that future daily devotionals from HeartofAShepherd.com will be translated into several languages through KONVERT, a new translation software. Missionary Matt Barfield, the visionary and a developer of KONVERT, is allowing me to employ the Beta version of this wonderful translation medium.

Heart of A Shepherd devotionals are being “mechanically” translated into the following languages through KONVERT software:

I invite you to share these daily meditations from God’s Word with your family, friends, and neighbors. If you are fluent in the languages listed above, I welcome hearing from you regarding the accuracy of the translations. You may email me at HeartofAShepherdInc@gmail.com.

With the heart of a shepherd.

Travis D. Smith

God’s Answer to Despair: Trust Me! (1 Corinthians 16; 2 Corinthians 1)

Scripture reading – 1 Corinthians 16; 2 Corinthians 1

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Our study of Paul’s first letter to believers in Corinth concludes with today’s Scripture reading (1 Corinthians 16), and introduces the apostle’s second letter to the same congregation (2 Corinthians 1).

1 Corinthians 16

After an inspiring passage on the hope of the bodily resurrection of Jesus Christ (1 Corinthians 15), Paul concluded his letter with practical instructions, and a loving salutation (1 Corinthians 16).

Guidelines for Giving (16:1-4)

The letter was written at a time believers in Jerusalem were in the midst of dire straits. In other Scripture passages, Paul instructed the churches to collect a special offering to aid the impoverished believers in Jerusalem (Romans 15:26; 2 Corinthians 8:1; 9:1; Acts 24:17). It is speculation on my part, but I believe the poverty experienced by the Jerusalem church was a result of prejudice and persecution (1 Thessalonians 2:14).

1 Corinthians 16:2-4 is instructive in the manner the offering was to be collected, and taken to the Jerusalem church. Briefly, Paul instructed the believers on:

1) When the offering was taken: “the first day of the week”
2) From whom the offering was taken: “every one of you”
3) How the offering was prepared: Set aside, or “lay by him in store”
4) The basis of the offering: “as God hath prospered him”
5) The urgency: Paul insisted the offerings be collected in advance, “that there be no gatherings when I come.”
6) Who was to administrate and deliver the offering? – “Whomsoever ye shall approve by your letters, them will I send to bring your liberality [gift] unto Jerusalem” (16:3). It was Paul’s intent to accompany the Corinthian brethren as they carried the offerings to believers in Jerusalem.

Though much of his letter was spent in addressing problems in Corinth, nevertheless, Paul hoped to spend the winter with the believers there (16:6). In his prolonged absence, he determined to send Timothy to Corinth, a man whom he loved as a son in the faith (1 Timothy 1:2; 2 Timothy 1:2; 2:2). Concerning Timothy, who was a young minister, Paul urged the Corinthians to show him the respect of one who “worketh the work of the Lord” (16:10).

Closing thoughts (16:13-14) – So much more might be considered, but I close our study with a believer’s call to duty: 1) “Watch ye” – Be alert, vigilant; 2) “Stand fast in the faith” – Refuse false teachings, and defend the truth; 3) “Quit you like men” – Be bold, courageous in your ministry; 4) “Be strong” – Stand against the wiles of the devil and the world; 5) Do everything “with charity” (note, 1 Corinthians 13).

2 Corinthians 1

Paul’s first epistle to Corinth contained many admonitions induced by its carnality, divisions, and failure to deal with sin in the congregation. His second letter manifested the joy, and loving compassion of a faithful pastor, and apostle of Jesus Christ.

2 Corinthians

When the believers in Corinth received Paul’s admonitions in his first epistle, they humbled themselves, and repented of their sins. No wonder Paul’s opening salutation in his second letter to Corinth was one of rejoicing. After sending Timothy to Corinth for a season, he had returned to Paul (1:1; 1 Corinthians 16:10-11). Though he found himself in the midst of persecutions and afflictions, he nevertheless bid the Corinthian believers God’s loving favor and peace (1:2). The old apostle rejoiced, writing, “the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of mercies [compassion], and the God of all comfort [encouragement]” (1:3).

Suffering Equips Believers to Comfort and Encourage Others (1:4-8)

A scarred veteran of persecutions, Paul assured believers, “the God of all comfort” (1:3) would comfort and console them in their times of trouble (1:4a). To what end had he suffered? “That we [Paul and other suffering believers] may be able to comfort them which are in any trouble, by the comfort wherewith we ourselves are comforted of God” (1:4b).

Who better to bring aid and help to another, than one who had known trouble, and found God’s comfort was sufficient? Paul gave hope to believers who found themselves suffering hardships for Christ’s sake, and assured them by his own experiences, Christ’s comfort exceeded his sorrows (1:5b).

Looking beyond his troubles, Paul took comfort knowing he would be better equipped to minister to others in their trials (1:6). Unshaken by his sorrows, he had an affinity for believers going through similar trials, and encouraged them that his confidence and hope for them had not wavered (1:7).

Closing thoughts (1:8-9) – Unashamed by the sorrows and afflictions he had borne, Paul confessed he knew what it was to be so overcome with trouble he “despaired even of life” (1:8). In fact, the toil of trouble had so exhausted his strength he thought he might die (1:9a). It was in the hour of his extremity; he learned what every believer should know:

We dare not trust ourselves, but “but [trust] in God which raiseth the dead” (1:9).

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Continuing Paul’s Second Missionary Journey (Acts 18; Acts 19)

click here to see translations of this devotionalScripture reading – Acts 18; Acts 19

Our two-year chronological reading of God’s Word returns to the Book of Acts, with the focus of today’s study being Acts 18 and 19. (Note, I have adjusted the published reading schedule, as I desire to make a smoother transition in our daily study.)

Acts 17 found Paul teaching and preaching in Athens (17:15), that great and ancient city known as the center of academia. There, in Athens, Paul had boldly debated the philosophers of the day (17:16-21), and standing on Mars’ hill, proclaimed God as Creator, and “Lord of heaven and earth, dwelleth not in temples made with hands” (17:24). He concluded his message, declaring the judgment of God (17:30-31a), and the resurrection of Jesus Christ “from the dead” (17:31). Some of Athens mocked Paul preaching “the resurrection of the dead,” while others desired to hear more, and others believed (17:32-34).

Acts 18

Departing Athens, Paul journeyed to Corinth (18:1), a city some 40 miles west of Athens, and an important, wealthy city on the Mediterranean Sea. Ancient Corinth is notable in the Scriptures as a place of learning, and great wickedness. In Corinth, the apostle joined himself to a couple, Aquila and Pricilla, who would become lifelong friends and with whom Paul would labor in the craft of making tents (probably for the Roman soldiers of the day, 18:2-3). As was his custom, Paul began preaching “in the synagogue every sabbath” (18:4), and “persuaded [convinced] Jew and the Greeks [who had become proselytes of Judaism]” (18:4).

Having sent for Silas and Timothy, Paul declared Jesus was the Christ, the Messiah of the Old Testament Scriptures (18:5). Many in the synagogue resisted the Gospel, and railed against Paul and the others (18:6a). The opposition was so great, the apostle declared, “Your blood be upon your own heads; I am clean: from henceforth I will go unto the Gentiles” (18:6). Departing, Paul went to the house of Justus, a Gentile who lived next door to the synagogue (18:7). He was followed by “Crispus, the chief ruler of the synagogue,” whose public faith in Christ would have certainly shaken the Jews of the synagogue (18:8a). Indeed, we read, Crispus was joined by “many of the Corinthians [who] hearing believed, and were baptized” (18:8).

A Heavenly Assurance (18:9-12)

The portrait many have of Paul is that he was a bold, fearless preacher, and yet he was not a man without fear (2 Corinthians 1:8-10). Having suffered afflictions and persecutions, God answered Paul’s fear through a nighttime vision, saying, “Be not afraid, but speak, and hold not thy peace: ¹⁰For I am with thee, and no man shall set on thee to hurt thee: for I have much people in this city” (18:9-10).

How did Paul respond to God’s assurance? He remained in Corinth another 18 months, “teaching the word of God among them” (18:11).

A Jewish Insurrection and Public Hearing Before Gallio (18:12-17)

Certain Jews opposed to Paul stirred up an insurrection, and hauled the apostle before Gallio, who was the deputy or proconsul of the district of Achaia (one of two provinces that were created by Rome out of the ancient Greek empire, 18:12). Corinth was the capital city of Achaia. Those Jews were determined to destroy Paul, and brought him before Gallio’s “judgment seat,” where they accused him, saying, “This fellow persuadeth men to worship God contrary to the law” (18:13).

Gallio, having no interest in Jewish matters, their doctrines or laws (18:114-15), refused to hear the charges against Paul, and “drave them [the Jews] from the judgment seat” (18:16). Rejected by the Roman authority, the Greeks turned their wrath upon “Sosthenes, the chief ruler of the synagogue, and beat him before the judgment seat. And Gallio cared for none of those things” (18:17). By the way, this is the same Sosthenes whom Paul would later number among believers and his fellow-minister (1 Corinthians 1:1).

Sometime later, Paul departed Corinth, and determined to go up to Jerusalem to observe one of the feast (perhaps the Passover, 18:21). Thereafter, his return to Antioch marked the conclusion of his second missionary journey (18:22-22)

Closing thoughts – Acts 18:23-28 marks the beginning of Paul’s third missionary journey. Luke’s account of that journey was briefly interrupted by his account of the riot that soon after took place in Ephesus (19:21-41). (An event I hope to discuss at a future time.)

Hello, Athens! (Acts 17; 1 Thessalonians 1)

Scripture reading – Acts 17; 1 Thessalonians 1

Our chronological study of the Scriptures continues with Acts 17 and 1 Thessalonians 1. The focus of today’s devotional is Acts 17.

Macedonia, the land between the Balkans and the Greek Peninsula, was the first region in Europe to receive the Gospel (Acts 16:9). (I encourage you to read 2 Corinthians 8:1-5, to gain more insight into the churches of Macedonia.) As you turn in the Scriptures to chapter 17 of the Acts of the Apostles, I invite you to first consider the historical context with a brief review of the events that preceded it.

Paul’s ministry in Philippi (Acts 16) stirred up what might be described as a “hullabaloo” (i.e. uproar, tumult, clamor). He and Silas were falsely accused of teaching “customs, which [were] not lawful…to observe, being Romans” (16:21). Those men were thereafter beaten and jailed (16:22-24). On the next day, Paul and Silas were set free and departed from Philippi (16:39-40), traveling “through Amphipolis and Apollonia, they came to Thessalonica” (17:1).

Acts 17

We find in Acts 17 a record of Paul and Silas’ ministry in three prominent cities of the 1st century: Thessalonica (17:1-13), Berea (17:10-14), and Athens (17:15-34). As it was his custom, Paul entered each of those cities, and on the Sabbath went to the local synagogue. Faithful to his calling, and bold in his preaching, Paul boldly declared Jesus as the Messiah (i.e., the Anointed One) and Savior (17:1-3). Time and space prevent an in-depth study of Paul’s ministry in those cities; however, I trust my amplification of some key verses will be a blessing.

The City of Thessalonica (Acts 17:1-13)

We read, “Now when they [Paul and Silas] had passed through Amphipolis and Apollonia, they came to Thessalonica, where was a synagogue of the Jews: ²And Paul, as his manner was [i.e. as was his custom or habit], went in unto them [the Jews in the synagogue at Thessalonica], and three sabbath days reasoned [disputed; preached; conversed] with them out of [from] the scriptures [i.e. The Old Testament Scriptures], ³ Opening [explaining; setting forth] and alleging [setting forth], that Christ must needs [ought; should] have suffered [experienced pain], and risen again from the dead; and that this Jesus, whom I preach [declare; proclaim] unto you, is Christ [the Messiah]” (Acts 17:1-3).

There were many in Thessalonica who believed, “consorted,” and united with Paul and Silas (in effect, became their disciples, 17:4). What an exciting time in the early years of the Great Commission (Matthew 28:19-20, Acts 1:8), as “devout,” God-fearing Greeks and prominent women of the community openly identified with Paul and Silas and the Gospel they preached (17:4). Yet, there were Jews in the synagogue who rejected Jesus Christ as the Messiah, and moved by jealousy, caused an uproar of opposition against Paul and Silas (17:5-7). Notice the character and manner of those who set themselves against those preachers.

Acts 17:5-7 – “But the Jews which believed not, moved with envy [jealous over Paul’s success], took unto them certain lewd [evil; wicked] fellows of the baser sort [vulgar; good for nothing], and gathered a company [crowd], and set all the city on an uproar, and assaulted the house of Jason [a believer], and sought to bring them [Paul and Silas] out to the people [to publicly accuse and attack]. ⁶ And when they found them not, they drew Jason and certain brethren unto the rulers of the city, crying, These that have turned the world upside down [made an uproar] are come hither also; ⁷ Whom Jason hath received: and these all do contrary to the decrees [laws; ordinances] of Caesar, saying that there is another king, one Jesus.”

The Thessalonian believers, fearing for the safety and welfare of Paul and Silas, urged them to flee the city “by night unto Berea” (17:10a). Yet, though driven out of one city, Paul and Silas arrived in Berea, and “went in to the synagogue of the Jews” (17:10b).

The City of Berea (Acts 17:10-14)

The reception of the Jews in Berea provides us a refreshing contrast to the wicked character of the Thessalonican Jews. They “were more noble [i.e. noble minded] than those in Thessalonica, in that they received [accepted] the word with all readiness of mind [eagerly; joyfully], and searched [examined; investigated] the scriptures daily, whether those things were so” (Acts 17:11). Oh, that we might all be “Berean believers,” and search “the Scriptures daily” (surely many believers would be spared error and heresy if they were dedicated students of God’s Word). Soon after, the adversaries from Thessalonica learned Paul and Silas were in Berea, and came to incite the Bereans against them (17:13). The believers urged Paul to depart, but Silas and Timothy continued in Berea, and remained until Paul requested, they come to Athens (17:14-15).

The City of Athens (Acts 17:15-34)

Known for its scholarship and idolatry, Paul journeyed to Athens and having seen the idols of that ancient city in every place, boldly declared Jesus Christ in both the synagogue and public places (Acts 17:16-17). Standing on Mars’ Hill, a meeting place of the Athenians, Paul declared, “Ye men of Athens, I perceive that in all things [everything] ye are too superstitious [religious; i.e., fearing the idol gods]” (17:22). Paul continued to reason with the men of Athens, and asserted men are “the offspring of God,” and not created after the likeness of “gold, or silver, or stone, graven [scratch; etched; sculpted] by art and man’s device [thought or imagination]” (17:29).

Raising his voice in an appeal that was an invitation to believe in God’s revelation of Himself, His judgment, and the resurrection of Christ, Paul challenged:

“³⁰ And the times of this ignorance God winked at [overlooked; do not punish]; but now commandeth [ declares] all men every where to repent [change of mind accompanied by sorrow]: ³¹ Because he hath appointed a day, in the which he will judge [condemn] the world in righteousness [justice] by that man whom he hath ordained [i.e. Jesus Christ]; whereof he [God] hath given assurance unto all men, in that he [God] hath raised him [Jesus Christ] from the dead” (17:30-31).

Closing thoughts (17:20-34) – Imagine the shock to the pride of those men of Athens who, in the words of the Scripture, did nothing more than want to “tell, or to hear some new thing” (17:21). Here was Paul, a man who boldly declared what they knew in their hearts, that the God of creation and heaven (17:29a) was nothing like the idols they had sculpted with their hands and worshipped (17:29b). Paul then warned, God would no longer overlook their willful ignorance, and commanded “all men every where to repent” (17:30). Like our day, there were many who mocked and rejected the Gospel (17:32a). Yet, there were some that desired to hear more (17:32b), and many who believed (17:34).

What about you? What do you believe? Is your heart ready for God’s judgment? (2 Corinthians 5:10)

The Ending was Just the Beginning! (Matthew 28)

Scripture reading – Matthew 28

Our chronological study of the Gospel of Matthew concludes today with the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, and the commissioning of the disciples (less Judas who betrayed Him) to “Go…teach all nations” (28:19).

The Greatest News: “He is Risen, As He Said” (28:1-6)

“Mary Magdalene, and the other Mary” had followed Joseph of Arimathea and Nicodemus to see the place where the body of Jesus was laid (27:61). When the Sabbath was past, several women began making their way to Christ’s tomb to anoint His body (although Matthew named only two in his Gospel, “Mary Magdalene and the other Mary,” 28:1). Matthew records “there was a great earthquake [and] the angel of the Lord descended from heaven, and came and rolled back the stone from the door, and sat upon it” (28:2). The sight of the angel, whose “countenance was like lightning, and his raiment white as snow” (28:3) terrified the guards who “did shake, and became as dead men” (28:4).

When the women arrived at the tomb where Jesus had been buried, they found it open, and an angel waiting. Luke identified two angels in his Gospel (Luke 24:4-5); however, Matthew only mentions the one who spoke to the women, and said, “Fear not ye: for I know that ye seek Jesus, which was crucified” (28:5). Calming their fears, the angel communicated an extraordinary message that not only changed their lives, but changed the course of history forever. The angel “said unto the women, “Fear not ye: for I know that ye seek Jesus, which was crucified. ⁶He is not here: for he is risen, as he said. Come, see the place where the Lord lay” (28:5-6).

The Greatest Privilege (28:7-10)

With the command, “go quickly, and tell his disciples that he is risen from the dead” (28:7), a small handful of faithful women were entrusted with the greatest privilege…to tell others Christ was risen from the dead! As those same women departed, they came face-to-face with the risen Christ, who saluted them with the words, “All hail” (28:9). Imagine the joy, the hope, the emotions when they saw Christ! They fell before Him, and “held him by the feet, and worshipped him” (28:9). He then comforted them with the words, “Be not afraid: go tell my brethren that they go into Galilee, and there shall they see me” (28:10).

The Great Dilemma (28:11-15)

The news of Christ’s resurrection was celebrated by the women, and the “eleven disciples [who] went away into Galilee” (28:16). Yet, when the soldiers reported to the chief priests “all the things that were done” (28:11), the religious leaders set in motion a plot that we would refer to today as “damage control” (28:11). No effort was made to locate Jesus, instead, the Sanhedrin was assembled and it was determined there was only two possible explanations for why the body was not in the tomb: either Christ rose bodily from the dead, or His body was stolen (28:12).

The elders then bribed the soldiers with a great sum of money, and charged them to say, “His disciples came by night, and stole him away while we slept” (28:13). A solider sleeping at his post was deemed a capital punishment offense, but the Jewish leaders urged the guards to lie, and assured them, “if this come to the governor’s ears, we will persuade him, and secure you” (28:14). The soldiers agreed to the bribe, “took the money, and did as they were taught: and this saying is commonly reported among the Jews until this day” (28:15).

The Greatest Mission (28:16-20)

Our study of the Gospel of Matthew concludes with the disciples receiving their commission to spearhead the greatest mission of all…to tell the news of Christ’s death, burial, and resurrection to the nations. With the assurance of Christ’s power and authority, the disciples were given a threefold mission that would be for all people, races, and nations:

Matthew 28:19–20 – “¹⁹Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost: ²⁰Teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I have commanded you: and, lo, I am with you alway, even unto the end of the world. Amen.”

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The Good Shepherd, and the Great Commission (John 10; Luke 10)

Scripture reading – John 10; Luke 10

Our Scripture reading covers two wonderful passages that are not only familiar to believers, but also known to many non-believers. The Gospel of Luke, chapter 10, records what is often referenced as a model for the Great Commission (Luke 10:1-20), addresses life’s most important question, “What shall I do to inherit eternal life?”(10:25-29), and presents the Parable of the Good Samaritan (10:30-37).

The Gospel of John, chapter 10 is also a favorite of believers. Here Christ taught on the sheep and the shepherd, and introduced Himself as the Good Shepherd (John 10:1-18). As you read both Luke 10 and John 10, remember Jesus’ appointment with the Cross is only six months in the future. Rather than an extended commentary, I will limit today’s devotional to a highlight of these well-known passages of Scripture.

John 10 – The Good Shepherd

Let’s remember chapter breaks and numbered verses have been added by men to assist in charting our way through the Scriptures. Sometimes chapter breaks interrupt the flow of a passage or event, and such is the case as we transition from John 9 to John 10. In other words, the context for understanding Jesus introducing Himself as the “Door” of the sheepfold (10:1), and the “Shepherd of the sheep” (10:2), is part of a continuing narrative that began in chapter 9.

In John 9, Jesus showed compassion on a blind man, and healed him (9:1-7). That chapter concluded with Jesus having searched for and found the man who had been blind (9:35a). When He found Him, Christ asked, “Dost thou believe on the Son of God?” (9:35). The man responded, “Who is he, Lord, that I might believe on him?” (9:36). Christ then revealed Himself to the man, saying, “Thou hast both seen him, and it is he that talketh with thee” (9:37). The man confessed, “Lord, I believe. And he worshipped him” (9:38).

Now, the Pharisees, heard and witnessed the dialog between Jesus and the man who had been blind (9:39), and they surmised Christ considered them blind, not physically, but spiritually (9:40). What followed added to Jesus introducing Himself in chapter 9 as “the light of the world” (9:5). Jesus next told the Parable of the Good Shepherd (10:1-18), and announced, “¹¹I am the good shepherd: the good shepherd giveth his life for the sheep” (10:11).

Understanding John 10 is well known to most, I will save a thorough commentary for another time.

Luke 10 – Pray for Laborers!

Scripture reading – Luke 10

Luke 10 began with Jesus appointing “seventy” (i.e. seventy disciples), and sending them out “two and two…into every city and place, whither he himself would come” (10:1). The number of disciples sent out, being seventy, no doubt surprises some believers. There were many who followed Jesus, besides the Twelve He had called to be His disciples. Consider the verses that preceded the commissioning of the seventy (Luke 9:57-62), and be reminded not all who followed Jesus were sincere believers.

Having chosen seventy disciples out of the multitude that followed Him, Jesus instructed them to go before Him, two by two, into every city and village where He would soon come and minister (10:1). He then challenged the seventy with the spiritual need of those among whom they would labor (10:2).

Luke 10:2 – ²Therefore said he unto them, The harvest truly is great, but the labourers are few: pray ye therefore the Lord of the harvest, that he would send forth labourers into his harvest.

Those sent out were challenged with the image of the opportunity (“The harvest [of needy souls] truly is great” – 10:2a), the magnitude of the need (“but the labourers [preachers and teachers of the Truth] are few” – 10:2b), and the challenge to do something every believer is compelled to do: “Pray ye therefore the Lord of the harvest, that he would send forth labourers into his harvest” (10:2c).

Knowing He was within months of the Cross, there was an urgency for the Gospel to be taken far and wide throughout the villages and cities of Israel (Matthew 9:37-38). Though the opportunity to reach lost souls was stunning, the reality was few would be willing to take the Gospel to them. John wrote in His Gospel: “Say not ye, There are yet four months, and then cometh harvest? behold, I say unto you, Lift up your eyes, and look on the fields [of lost souls]; for they are white already to harvest” (John 4:35).

Closing thoughts – What can a believer do in the face of so great a need of lost souls? “Pray ye therefore the Lord of the harvest, that he would send forth labourers into his harvest” (10:2c). Pray for laborers. Pray for men and women who will dedicate their lives to serve the LORD, and take the Gospel.

Pray with urgency, knowing “the harvest truly is great” (10:2a). Pray with fervency, for “the laborers are few”(10:2b). Pray perpetually, until the LORD answers your prayer and sends forth laborers (preachers, teachers, and missionaries) who will faithfully sow the seed of the Gospel.

As you pray, ponder the question: Are you willing to go?

* You can become a regular subscriber of the Heart of a Shepherd daily devotionals, and have them sent directly to your email address. Please email your request to HeartofAShepherdInc@gmail.com.

"From The Heart of A Shepherd" by Pastor Travis D. Smith

Daily Devotional Meditations and a Biblical Perspective on Current Events